Iji belata usu ugbu a mmetọ nke etiti oge ọkụ na-akpata, China nakweere multi-pulse rectifier technology, na mepụtara ọtụtụ intermediate ugboro ọkụ ngwa dị ka 6-ụkpụrụ, 12-pulse, na 24-pulse etiti ugboro ọkụ, ma. n'ihi na ọnụ ahịa nke ikpeazụ dị elu dị elu, ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-emepụta ígwè ka na-agbaze ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na 6-pulse intermediate frequency furnaces, na nsogbu nke pulse ugbu a mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi enweghị ike ileghara anya.Ugbu a, e nwere tumadi abụọ iche iche nke management atụmatụ maka ugboro ọkụ harmonics: otu bụ management atụmatụ nke enyemaka, nke bụ otu n'ime ụzọ tufuo nke ugbu a harmonic nsogbu, na bụ mgbochi ụfọdụ iji gbochie harmonics nke etiti. ọkụ induction ugboro ugboro.Ọ bụ ezie na usoro nke abụọ nwere ike ịnagide nsogbu na-arịwanye elu nke mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi na-adaba adaba n'ọtụtụ ụzọ, maka ọkụ ọkụ induction ugboro ugboro nke a na-eji ugbu a, ọ bụ naanị ụzọ mbụ ka enwere ike iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka ihe kwekọrọ na ya.Akwụkwọ a na-atụle ụkpụrụ nke Ọ BỤRỤ na ọkụ na njikwa njikwa ya, ma na-atụ aro ihe nzacha ike na-arụ ọrụ (APF) iji kwụọ ụgwọ na ịchịkwa harmonics na ọkwa dị iche iche nke 6-pulse Ọ bụrụ na ọkụ ọkụ.
Ụkpụrụ eletriki nke ọkụ ọkụ dị n'etiti.
Igwe ọkụ dị n'etiti bụ ngwaọrụ kpo oku igwe dị ngwa ma kwụsie ike, yana akụrụngwa ya bụ ihe na-enye ike ugboro ugboro.Ọkụ ọkụ nke etiti oge ọkụ na-anabatakarị usoro ntụgharị AC-DC-AC, na ntinye ike ugboro ugboro na-agbanwe ugbu a ka ọ na-apụta dị ka oge na-agbanwe agbanwe ugbu a, na mgbanwe ugboro anaghị ejedebe site na ugboro nke grid ike.E gosipụtara eserese ngọngọ sekit na eserese 1:
Na eserese 1, ọrụ bụ isi nke akụkụ nke sekit inverter bụ ịtụgharị azụmaahịa azụmaahịa atọ nke AC ugbu a nke nnyefe ike na nkesa na-eweta n'ime AC ugbu a, gụnyere sekit na-enye ike nke nnyefe ike na onye na-ekesa nkesa, bridge rectifier. sekit, sekit nzacha na sekit njikwa rectifier.Isi ọrụ nke akụkụ inverter bụ ịtụgharị AC ugbu a ka ọ bụrụ otu elekere dị elu nke AC ugbu a (50 ~ 10000Hz), gụnyere sekit ike inverter, sekit ike ịmalite, na sekit ike ibu.N'ikpeazụ, otu-fase-frequency alternating current in induction coil in the oven na-emepụta oghere magnetik nke na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke na-eme ka ụgwọ dị n'ime ọkụ ahụ na-emepụta ike electromotive induction, na-emepụta nnukwu eddy ugbu a na ụgwọ ahụ, na na-ekpo ọkụ ụgwọ iji gbazee.
Harmonic Analysis
Ihe nkwekọ etinyere n'ime grid ọkụ site na ọkụ na-adị n'etiti etiti na-emekarị na ngwaọrụ ngbanwe.N'ebe a, anyị na-ewere sekit rectifier zuru oke nke akụkụ atọ nke isii-pulse dị ka ihe atụ iji nyochaa ọdịnaya nke harmonics.Na-eleghara usoro mbufe oge niile anya na pulsation ugbu a nke thyristor inverter circuit nke atọ-phase ngwaahịa-ahapụ yinye, na-eche na AC n'akụkụ reactance bụ efu na AC inductance bụ enweghi ngwụcha, na-eji Fourier analysis usoro, adịghị mma na mma ọkara. -wave iyi nwere ike ịbụ A na-eji etiti okirikiri dị ka ebe efu nke oge, na usoro a na-ewepụta iji gbakọọ voltaji a-phase nke akụkụ AC.
Na usoro: Id bụ nkezi uru nke akụkụ DC ugbu a nke sekit rectifier.
Enwere ike ịhụ ya site na usoro a dị n'elu na maka ọkụ ọkụ etiti etiti 6-pulse, ọ nwere ike ịmepụta ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke 5th, 7th, 1st, 13th, 17th, 19th na ndị ọzọ harmonics, nke nwere ike ichikota dị ka 6k ± 1 (k). is positive Integer) harmonics, uru dị irè nke harmonic ọ bụla na-adaba n'usoro kwekọrọ n'usoro, na oke na uru bara uru bụ isi bụ ngbanwe nke usoro nkwekọ.
Owuwu sekit nke ọkụ dị n'etiti.
Dịka akụkụ nchekwa nchekwa ike DC dị iche iche si dị, enwere ike kewaa ọkụ ọkụ oge etiti ka ọ bụrụ ụdị ọkụ dị n'etiti oge dị ugbu a yana ụdị ọkụ ọkụ dị n'etiti.Ihe nchekwa nchekwa ike nke ụdị ọkụ dị n'etiti etiti dị ugbu a bụ nnukwu inductor, ebe ihe nchekwa ike nke ụdị ọkụ eletrik dị n'etiti ọkụ bụ nnukwu capacitor.E nwere ndị ọzọ dị iche n'etiti abụọ, dị ka: nke ugbu a-ụdị intermediate ugboro oku na-achịkwa thyristor, ibu resonance circuit bụ yiri resonance, mgbe voltaji-ụdị intermediate ugboro ọkụ na-achịkwa IGBT, na ibu resonance circuit bụ. usoro resonance.Egosiri nhazi ya bụ isi na eserese 2 na eserese 3.
harmonic ọgbọ
Ihe a na-akpọ harmonics dị elu na-ezo aka na ihe ndị dị n'elu ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụgụ nke ugboro ole a na-enweta site n'iwepụ usoro AC Fourier na-abụghị sinusoidal nke oge, nke a na-akpọkarị harmonics dị elu.Ugboro (50Hz) Akụkụ nke otu ugboro.Ntinye aka n'otu n'otu bụ nnukwu "mkpasu ọha" nke na-emetụta ogo ike nke usoro ike dị ugbu a.
Harmonics na-ebelata nnyefe na itinye n'ọrụ nke injinia ọkụ, na-eme ka akụrụngwa eletrik na-ekpo ọkụ, na-eme ka mkpọtụ na mkpọtụ, na-eme ka oyi akwa mkpuchi na-akawanye njọ, na-ebelata ndụ ọrụ, na-akpata mmejọ nkịtị na ike ọgwụgwụ.Mee ka ọdịnaya kwekọọ, gbanyụọ akụrụngwa nkwụghachi ụgwọ capacitor na akụrụngwa ndị ọzọ.N'ọnọdụ ebe enweghị ike iji nkwụghachi ụgwọ mmebi iwu, a ga-enweta ntaramahụhụ mmebi iwu yana ụgwọ ọkụ eletrik ga-abawanye.Igwe mmiri na-agba ọsọ dị elu ga-eme ka arụrụ ọrụ nke ngwaọrụ nchekwa relay na robots nwere ọgụgụ isi, na nha nha ọkụ ga-enwe mgbagwoju anya.N'èzí usoro inye ọkụ eletrik, harmonics nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ngwa nzikọrịta ozi na ngwaahịa eletrọnịkị.The nwa oge overvoltage na nwa oge overvoltage na n'ịwa harmonics ga-ebibi ihe mkpuchi oyi akwa nke ígwè na akụrụngwa, na-eme ka atọ-phase short-circuit mmejọ, na harmonic ugbu a na voltaji nke mebiri emebi ga-eme ka akụkụ nke usoro resonance na yiri resonance na ọha ike netwọk. , na-akpata nnukwu ihe mberede nchekwa.
Igwe ọkụ eletrik dị n'etiti etiti bụ ụdị ọkụ ọkụ na-eme ka ọ dị n'etiti, bụ nke a na-agbanwe ka ọ bụrụ oge etiti site na nkenke na inverter, ma na-emepụta ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke harmonics dị elu na-emerụ ahụ na grid ike.Ya mere, imeziwanye ogo ọkụ ọkụ oge etiti abụrụla ihe kachasị mkpa nke nyocha sayensị.
atụmatụ ọchịchị
Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke njikọ data nke ọkụ ọkụ na-adị n'etiti etiti emewo ka mmetọ pulse dị ugbu a nke grid ọkụ ka njọ.Nnyocha e mere maka njikwa nkwekọ nke ọkụ ọkụ dị n'etiti abụrụla ọrụ dị ngwa, ndị ọkà mmụta ejiriwokwa ya kpọrọ ihe nke ukwuu.Iji mee ka mmetụta nke harmonics na-emepụta site na ọkụ ọkụ ugboro ugboro na grid ọha na eze izute ihe ndị a chọrọ nke ike ọkụ na nkesa usoro maka ngwá ọrụ ala azụmahịa, ọ dị mkpa iji na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-eme ihe iji wepụ harmonic mmetọ.Akpachara anya bara uru bụ ndị a.
Nke mbụ, onye ntụgharị na-eji ụkpụrụ Y/Y/njikọ.N'ime nnukwu ọkụ induction ugboro ugboro, ihe mgbawa na-agbanwe agbanwe na-agbaso usoro wiwi Y/Y/△.Site n'ịgbanwe usoro wiring nke ballast ka ọ na-ekwurịta okwu n'akụkụ akụkụ AC, ọ nwere ike mebie njirimara dị elu nke ugbu a na-adịghị elu.Mana ọnụ ahịa ya dị elu.
Nke abụọ bụ iji LC passive filter.Ihe owuwu bụ isi bụ iji capacitors na reactors n'usoro iji mepụta mgbanaka usoro LC, nke dị na sistemụ.Usoro a bụ omenala ma nwee ike ịkwụghachi ma harmonics na ibu arụ ọrụ.Ọ nwere usoro dị mfe ma jiri ya mee ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe.Otú ọ dị, a na-emetụta arụmọrụ nkwụghachi ụgwọ site na njirimara njirimara nke netwọk na gburugburu ebe ọrụ, na ọ dị mfe ime ka resonance yiri ya na usoro.Ọ nwere ike na-akwụ ụgwọ maka mkpọmkpọ oku pulse ugboro ugboro, na nkwụghachi ụgwọ adịghị mma.
Nke atọ, site n'iji APF nọ n'ọrụ filter, nkwụsị nke nkwekọ dị elu bụ usoro ọhụrụ.APF bụ ngwaọrụ nkwụghachi ụgwọ dị ugbu a na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke nwere atụmatụ nkebi dị elu na nzaghachi ọsọ ọsọ, ọ nwere ike soro ma kwụọ ụgwọ ikuku pulse ugboro ugboro na mgbanwe ike, nwere arụmọrụ ike dị mma, yana arụmọrụ nkwụghachi ụgwọ agaghị emetụta ya site na njirimara impedance.Mmetụta nke nkwụghachi ụgwọ ugbu a dị mma, ya mere a na-eji ya kpọrọ ihe.
Emepụtara nzacha ike na-arụ ọrụ dabere na nzacha na-agafe agafe, yana nzacha ya dị oke mma.N'ime oke nke ibu ike reactive ya gosiri, mmetụta nzacha bụ 100%.
Ihe nzacha ike na-arụ ọrụ, ya bụ, nzacha ike na-arụ ọrụ, APF ike nzacha ike dị iche na usoro nkwụghachi ụgwọ nke omenala LC nzacha, wee chọpụta nkwụghachi ụgwọ nsochi siri ike, nke nwere ike kwụọ ụgwọ nkwekọ na mmeghachi omume nke nha na ugboro ole.Ihe nzacha APF nọ n'ọrụ bụ nke usoro-ụdị elu-atụ pulse ugbu a akụrụngwa nkwụghachi ụgwọ.Ọ na-enyocha ibu dị ugbu a na ozugbo dị ka ihe ntụgharị mpụga si dị, na-agbakọ akụkụ dị ugbu a nke pulse dị elu na ibu dị ugbu a dị ka DSP dị n'ime, wee wepụta akara data njikwa na ọkụ inverter., The inverter ike ọkọnọ na-eji na-n'ịwa a elu-order harmonic ugbu a nke otu size dị ka ibu elu-order harmonic ugbu a, na reverse elu-order harmonic ugbu a na-ewebata n'ime ike grid ịnọgide na-arụ ọrụ nzacha ọrụ.
Ụkpụrụ ọrụ nke APF
Hongyan na-arụ ọrụ nyo na-achọpụta ibu dị ugbu a na ozugbo site na mpụga ugbu a transformer CT, na extracts the harmonic akụrụngwa nke ibu dị ugbu a site n'ime ime DSP ngụkọta oge, na-atọghata ya n'ime a akara mgbaàmà na dijitalụ mgbaàmà processor.N'otu oge ahụ, onye na-arụ ọrụ mgbaama dijitalụ na-emepụta usoro nke PWM pulse wide modulation signals ma na-eziga ha na modul ike IGBT dị n'ime, na-achịkwa usoro mmepụta nke inverter ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-emegide ntụziaka nke ugbu a nke ibu harmonic, na ugbu a. na otu njupụta, abụọ harmonic iyi bụ kpọmkwem megide ibe ha.Dechapụ, ka iji nweta ọrụ nke nzacha harmonics.
Atụmatụ teknụzụ APF
1. Atọ ntọt
2. Reactive ike akwụ ụgwọ, na-enye ike ihe
3. Na akpaka ugbu a mmachi ọrụ, ọ dịghị ibu ga-eme
4. Ụgwọ nkwụghachi ụgwọ, nwere ike nyochaa 2 ~ 50th harmonic ugbu a n'otu oge ahụ
5. Mfe imewe na nhọrọ, naanị mkpa ịlele nha nke harmonic ugbu a
6. Ịgba ogwu na-agba ọsọ nke otu oge, adịghị emetụta usoro ahaghị nhata
7. Nzaghachi maka ibu mgbanwe n'ime 40US, ngụkọta oge nzaghachi bụ 10ms (1/2 okirikiri)
Mmetụta nzacha
The harmonic akara ọnụego dị elu dị ka 97%, na harmonic akara akara bụ obosara dị ka 2 ~ 50 ugboro.
Usoro nzacha dị mma ma kwụsie ike;
Ọnọdụ nchịkwa na-akpata ọgba aghara na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, oge ntụgharị dị elu dị ka 20KHz, nke na-ebelata nzacha nzacha ma na-eme ka ọsọ nzacha na mmepụta nke ọma dịkwuo mma.Ma ọ na-enye ihe mgbochi na-enweghị njedebe na usoro grid, nke na-adịghị emetụta ihe mgbochi usoro grid;na ebili mmiri nke mmepụta bụ nke ziri ezi na enweghị ntụpọ, ọ gaghị emetụta akụrụngwa ndị ọzọ.
Mgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi siri ike
Dakọtara na ndị na-emepụta mmanụ dizel, na-eme ka ikike nke nkwado ike shunting dịkwuo mma;
Nkwenye dị elu maka mgbanwe mgbanwe voltaji na mgbagha;
Standard C-klas nchekwa nchekwa ọkụ, kwalite ikike iguzogide ọnọdụ ihu igwe ọjọọ;
Okpomọkụ ambient dị ike, ruo -20C ~ 70°C.
Ngwa
Akụrụngwa bụ isi nke ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ebe a na-achọta ihe bụ ọkụ eletrik nke etiti oge.Igwe ọkụ eletrik dị n'etiti etiti bụ isi iyi kwekọrọ, nke na-ebute ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke harmonics, na-eme ka ikike nkwụghachi ụgwọ ghara ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma.Ma ọ bụ otú ahụ, okpomọkụ nke transformer na-eru ogo 75 n'oge okpomọkụ, na-eme ka ọkụ eletrik na-emebi emebi ma na-ebelata ndụ ya.
A na-eji voltaji 0.4KV kwadoro ebe a na-ahụ maka ebe a na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ, yana ibu ya bụ 6-pulse rectification etiti oge ọkụ ọkụ.Ngwá ọrụ na-emegharị ihe na-emepụta ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke harmonics mgbe ị na-atụgharị AC na DC n'oge ọrụ, nke bụ isi iyi nke kwekọrọ;Harmonic ugbu a na-agbanye n'ime grid ike, Harmonic voltaji na-eme na grid impedance, na-akpata voltaji grid na nke ugbu a distor, na-emetụta ike ọkọnọ mma na ọrụ nchekwa, na-abawanye akara ọnwụ na voltaji dechapụ, na-enwe mmetụta ọjọọ na okporo na ngwa eletriki nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'onwe ya.
1. Njirimara harmonic nyocha
1) Ngwa nrụzi nke ọkụ ọkụ nke etiti bụ 6-pulse controllable rectification;
2) The harmonics emepụtara site rectifier bụ 6K + 1 ekwekọghị ekwekọ.A na-eji usoro Fourier eme ihe iji mebie ma gbanwee ugbu a.Enwere ike ịhụ na ebili mmiri dị ugbu a nwere 6K± 1 harmonics dị elu.Dabere na data nnwale nke ọkụ nke etiti etiti, ihe nkwekọ Egosiri ọdịnaya dị ugbu a na tebụl dị n'okpuru:
N'oge usoro ọrụ nke ọkụ ọkụ nke etiti etiti, a na-emepụta ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke harmonics.Dị ka ule na ngụkọta oge pụta nke etiti ugboro ọkụ, e ji mara harmonics bụ tumadi 5th, na 7th, 11th, na 13th harmonic okwukwo dịtụ nnukwu, na voltaji na ugbu distortion dị njọ.
2. Atụmatụ njikwa nke harmonic
Dabere na ọnọdụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'ezie, Hongyan Electric ewepụtala usoro nzacha zuru oke maka njikwa kwekọrọ n'ọkụ ọkụ etiti oge.N'iburu n'uche isi ihe ike ibu, mkpa nnabata kwekọrọ na ihe ndabere ndabere, etinyere ọtụtụ ngwaọrụ nzacha na-arụ ọrụ n'akụkụ obere voltaji nke 0.4KV nke mgbanwe ụlọ ọrụ.Harmonics na-achị.
3. Ntụle mmetụta nyocha
1) A na-etinye ngwaọrụ nzacha na-arụ ọrụ, ma na-akpaghị aka na-agbanwe mgbanwe nke ngwa dị iche iche dị iche iche nke ọkụ etiti etiti, ka enwere ike ihichapụ nke ọma nke ọ bụla.Zere ike ọgwụgwụ mere site yiri resonance nke capacitor akụ na usoro sekit, na hụ na nkịtị ọrụ nke reactive ike akwụ ụgwọ kabinet;
2) A na-emeziwanye ikuku nke Harmonic nke ọma mgbe ọgwụgwọ gasịrị.Oke mmiri iyi nke 5th, 7th, and 11th harmonics nke etinyereghị n'ọrụ gafere nke ukwuu.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, 5th harmonic current na-ada site na 312A ruo ihe dịka 16A;Harmonic nke 7 na-agbada site na 153A ruo ihe dịka 11A;Harmonic nke iri na otu na-agbada site na 101A ruo ihe dịka 9A;Dabere na ọkọlọtọ mba GB/T14549-93 "Ike Quality Harmonics of Public Grid";
3) Mgbe njikwa harmonic gasịrị, okpomọkụ nke transformer na-ebelata site na 75 degrees na 50 degrees, nke na-azọpụta ọtụtụ ọkụ eletrik, na-ebelata mfu ọzọ nke transformer, na-ebelata mkpọtụ, na-eme ka ikike ibu nke ihe ntụgharị ahụ dịkwuo elu, na-agbatịkwu ike. ndụ ọrụ nke transformer;
4) Mgbe ọgwụgwọ gasịrị, a na-emeziwanye ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ nke etiti ugboro ugboro nke ọma, na-eme ka ọnụọgụ nke ike na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma, nke na-eme ka ọrụ nchekwa na akụ na ụba na-adịte aka nke usoro ahụ na mma nke ọma. uru akụ na ụba;
5) Belata uru dị irè nke ugbu a na-agafe na nkesa nkesa, meziwanye ihe ike ike, ma kpochapụ harmonics na-agafe na nkesa nkesa, si otú ahụ na-ebelata nkwụsị nke eriri, na-ebelata okpomọkụ nke eriri nkesa, na-emeziwanye ibu ahụ. ikike nke ahịrị;
6) Belata mmejọ ma ọ bụ ọjụjụ nke ngwa njikwa na ngwaọrụ nchebe relay, ma melite nchekwa na ntụkwasị obi nke ọkọnọ ike;
7) Na-akwụ ụgwọ nkwụsị nke atọ nke ugbu a, belata nkwụsị nke ọla kọpa nke transformer na akara na nnọpụiche ugbu a, ma melite ogo nke ike ọkụ;
8) Mgbe ejikọtara APF, ọ nwekwara ike ịbawanye ikike ibu nke ihe ntụgharị na eriri nkesa, nke ya na mgbasawanye nke usoro ahụ ma belata ntinye ego na mgbasawanye nke usoro ahụ.
Oge nzipu: Eprel-13-2023