A na-eji ndị ntụgharị ugboro ugboro n'ọtụtụ ebe na ụlọ ọrụ usoro nnyefe ọsọ na-agbanwe agbanwe na mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ.N'ihi njirimara ngbanwe ike nke sekit rectifier inverter, a na-ebute ibu sistemu pụrụ iche na ọkụ ọkụ ya.Ihe ntụgharị ugboro ugboro na-arụ ọrụ n'otu oge yana ngwaọrụ ndị ọzọ dị ka kọmputa na sensọ dị na saịtị.A na-etinyekarị ngwaọrụ ndị a nso ma nwee ike imetụta ibe ha.Ya mere, ngwa eletrọnịkị ike na-anọchi anya ya ugboro ugboro bụ otu n'ime isi mmalite kwekọrịtara na grid ike ọha na eze, na mmetọ mmetọ nke ngwa eletrọnịkị ike na-akpata aghọwo ihe bụ isi ihe mgbochi na mmepe nke teknụzụ eletrik n'onwe ya.
1.1 Gịnị bụ harmonics
Isi ihe na-akpata harmonics bụ nbudata sistemu pụrụ iche.Mgbe ihe dị ugbu a na-agafe na ibu ahụ, ọ dịghị njikọ dị n'ahịrị na voltaji etinyere, na nke ugbu a na-abụghị nke sine na-asọpụta, na-emepụta harmonics dị elu.Ugboro n'otu n'otu bụ ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ nke ugboro ole bụ isi.Dị ka ụkpụrụ nyocha nke French mathematician Fourier (M.Fourier), ụdị ọ bụla na-emegharị ugboro ugboro nwere ike ree n'ime sine ebili mmiri gụnyere isi ugboro na harmonics nke usoro nke isi ugboro multiples.Harmonics bụ sinusoidal waveforms, na nke ọ bụla sinusoidal waveform na-enwekarị ugboro dị iche iche, njupụta, na akụkụ akụkụ.Harmonics nwere ike kewaa n'ime ọbụna na odd harmonics, nke atọ, ise na nke asaa nọmba bụ ekwekọghị ekwekọ, na nke abụọ, iri na anọ, isii na asatọ nọmba bụ ọbụna harmonics.Ọmụmaatụ, mgbe isi ebili mmiri bụ 50Hz, nke abụọ harmonic bụ 10Hz, na nke atọ harmonic bụ 150Hz.N'ozuzu, harmonics na-adịghị mma na-emebi karịa ọbụna harmonics.N'ime usoro nke usoro atọ kwụziri ahazi, n'ihi symmetry, a kpochapụrụ ọbụna ihe nkwekọ ma ọ bụ naanị nkwekọrịta na-adịghị mma dị.Maka ibu nhazi nhazi nke atọ, ihe kwekọrọ na 6n 1 harmonic, dị ka 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, wdg. Igodo mmalite dị nro na-akpata 5th na 7th harmonics.
1.2 Ụkpụrụ dị mkpa maka njikwa kwekọrọ
Inverter harmonic njikwa kwesịrị ịṅa ntị na ụkpụrụ ndị a: ụkpụrụ mgbochi nnyonye anya: EN50082-1, -2, EN61800-3: ụkpụrụ radieshon: EN5008l-1, -2, EN61800-3.Karịsịa IEC10003, IEC1800-3 (EN61800-3), IEC555 (EN60555) na IEEE519-1992.
Ụkpụrụ mgbochi nnyonye anya izugbe EN50081 na EN50082 na ụkpụrụ ntụgharị ugboro ugboro EN61800 (1ECl800-3) na-akọwapụta ọkwa radieshon na mgbochi nnyonye anya nke akụrụngwa na-arụ ọrụ na gburugburu dị iche iche.Ụkpụrụ ndị a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu na-akọwa ọkwa radieshon anabatara n'okpuru ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi dị iche iche: ọkwa L, enweghị oke radieshon.Ọ dị mma maka ndị ọrụ na-eji mmalite dị nro na gburugburu ebe obibi na-adịghị emetụta ya na ndị ọrụ na-edozi ihe mgbochi isi iyi radieshon n'onwe ha.Klas h bụ oke nke EN61800-3 akọwapụtara, gburugburu mbụ: oke nkesa, gburugburu nke abụọ.Dị ka nhọrọ maka nzacha ugboro redio, nke nwere ihe nzacha redio nwere ike ime ka mmalite dị nro zute ọkwa azụmahịa, nke a na-ejikarị na gburugburu ebe anaghị arụ ọrụ.
2 Usoro njikwa kwekọrọ
Enwere ike ijikwa nsogbu nkwekọ, nnyonye anya radieshon na nnyonye anya sistemu ọkụ, enwere ike ịnakwere usoro nka dị ka ọchichi, ikewapụ, ịgba ala na nzacha.
(1) Tinye ihe nzacha na-agafe agafe ma ọ bụ nzacha na-arụ ọrụ;
(2) Welie ihe ntụgharị ahụ, belata njirimara njirimara nke sekit, ma kwụpụ eriri ọkụ;
(3) Jiri ihe mmalite dị nro na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, enweghị mmetọ pulse ugbu a.
2.1 Iji ihe nzacha na-agafe agafe ma ọ bụ na-arụ ọrụ
Ihe nzacha na-agafe agafe dabara adaba maka ịgbanwe njirimara njirimara nke ịgbanye ọkụ ọkụ na ugboro pụrụ iche, ma dabara maka sistemụ kwụsiri ike na anaghị agbanwe agbanwe.Ihe nzacha na-arụ ọrụ dabara adaba maka ịkwụ ụgwọ sistemu dị iche iche.
Ihe nzacha na-agafe agafe dabara adaba maka usoro ọdịnala.Ihe nzacha na-agafe agafe pụtara na mbụ n'ihi nhazi ya dị mfe ma doo anya, ntinye ego dị ala, ntụkwasị obi dị elu na ọnụ ahịa ọrụ dị ala.Ha na-anọgide na-abụ isi ụzọ isi ebelata mmiri iyi.Ihe nzacha LC bụ ngwa ọdịnala na-eme ka ọ dị elu na-egbochi mmekọ.Ọ bụ ngwakọta kwesịrị ekwesị nke nzacha capacitors, reactors na resistors, ma jikọta ya na isi iyi nke harmonic dị elu.Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ nzacha, ọ nwekwara ọrụ nkwụghachi ụgwọ adịghị mma.Ngwa ndị dị otú ahụ nwere ụfọdụ ndọghachi azụ a na-apụghị imeri emeri.Igodo ahụ dị nnọọ mfe ibufe ibu, ọ ga-erekwa ọkụ mgbe a na-ebubiga ya ókè, nke ga-eme ka ihe ike na-eme ka ọ gafee ọkọlọtọ, nkwụghachi ụgwọ na ntaramahụhụ.Na mgbakwunye, ihe nzacha na-agafe agafe enweghị njikwa, yabụ ka oge na-aga, mgbakwunye mgbakwunye ma ọ bụ mgbanwe ibu netwọk ga-agbanwe usoro resonance ma belata mmetụta nzacha.Nke kachasị mkpa, ihe nzacha na-agafe agafe nwere ike nyochaa naanị otu akụkụ harmonic dị elu (ọ bụrụ na e nwere nzacha, ọ nwere ike nyochaa nke atọ harmonic), nke mere na ọ bụrụ na a na-enyocha ugboro ugboro dị elu dị elu, enwere ike iji ihe nzacha dị iche iche na-abawanye. akụrụngwa itinye ego.
Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị nzacha na-arụsi ọrụ ike na mba dị iche iche n'ụwa, nke nwere ike soro ma kwụọ ụgwọ usu mmiri nke dị iche iche ugboro na amplitudes, na njirimara akwụ ụgwọ agaghị emetụta njirimara impedance nke grid ike.A mụrụ usoro ihe nzacha ihe nzacha ike na-arụ ọrụ na 1960, sochiri nkwalite nke nnukwu, ọkara na obere mmepụta ike zuru oke na teknụzụ sekit agbakwunyere, mmelite nke sistemu njikwa ihe ngbanwe nke pulse obosara, yana nkwekọ dabere na ngwa ngwa reactive ibu tiori.Atụmatụ doro anya nke usoro nleba anya ngwa ngwa ugbu a emeela ka mmepe ngwa ngwa nke nzacha injinịa na-arụ ọrụ.Ya isi echiche bụ nyochaa harmonic ugbu a sitere na nkwụ ụgwọ lekwasịrị anya, na ụgwọ akụrụngwa na-emepụta a ugboro band nke akwụ ụgwọ ugbu a na otu size na megidere polarity dị ka harmonic ugbu a, nke mere dị ka defit pulse ugbu a kpatara usu ugbu a. isi mmalite nke ahịrị mbụ, wee mee ka ọ dị ugbu a nke netwọọkụ ike Naanị ihe ndị bụ isi ka etinyere.Isi akụkụ bụ harmonic ebili mmiri generator na akpaka akara usoro, ya bụ, ọ na-arụ ọrụ site digital image nhazi technology na-achịkwa ngwa ngwa ikpuchi oyi akwa triode.
N'oge a, n'akụkụ nke pụrụ iche pulse njikwa ugbu a, ihe nzacha na-agafe agafe na ihe nzacha na-arụ ọrụ apụtawo n'ụdị ngwa mgbakwunye na ngwakọta, na-eji uru nke ihe nzacha na-arụ ọrụ dị ka usoro dị mfe na nke doro anya, mmezi dị mfe, ọnụ ala dị ala. , na ezigbo nkwụghachi ụgwọ ọrụ.Ọ na-ewepụ ntụpọ nke nnukwu olu na ụbara ọnụ ahịa nke nzacha na-arụ ọrụ, ma jikọta abụọ ahụ iji mee ka ngwanrọ usoro dum nweta arụmọrụ dị mma.
2.2 Belata mgbochi nke akaghị ma bepụ usoro ahịrị nnyefe
Isi ihe kpatara ọgbọ harmonic bụ n'ihi iji ibu ndị na-abụghị nke linear, ya mere, ihe ngwọta bụ isi bụ ikewapụ eriri ọkụ nke ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ dị arọ.Mgbagwoju anya ugbu a na-emepụta site na ibu na-abụghị nke na-emepụta ụda voltaji gbagọrọ agbagọ na mgbochi nke eriri USB, a na-etinyekwa ụdị voltaji na-agbagọ agbagọ na ibu ndị ọzọ ejikọrọ n'otu ahịrị, ebe ikuku kwekọrọ n'elu na-asọba.Ya mere, a pụkwara ịnọgide na-enwe usoro iji belata mmebi pulse dị ugbu a site n'ịbawanye mpaghara mpaghara nke eriri na ibelata nkwụsị aka.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ụzọ ndị dị ka ịba ụba ikike mgbanwe, ịba ụba mpaghara nke eriri, karịsịa ịba ụba mpaghara nke eriri na-anọpụ iche, na ịhọrọ ihe nchebe dị ka ndị na-agbaji sekit na fuses na-ejikarị na China.Otú ọ dị, usoro a enweghị ike iwepụ harmonics n'ụzọ bụ isi, ma na-ebelata njirimara na ọrụ nchebe, na-abawanye ego, ma na-abawanye ihe ize ndụ zoro ezo na usoro ọkụ ọkụ.Jikọọ ibu linear na ibu ndị na-abụghị linear site na otu ọkụ ọkụ
Ebe ntinye (PCCs) na-amalite ịnye ike na sekit n'otu n'otu, yabụ enweghị ike ibufe voltaji na-apụ apụ site na ibu dị iche iche na ibu linear.Nke a bụ ezigbo ngwọta maka nsogbu harmonic dị ugbu a.
2.3 Tinye ike inverter green emerald na-enweghị mmetọ kwekọrọ
Ụkpụrụ dị mma nke inverter green bụ na ntinye na ntinye aka na-emepụta bụ ebili mmiri sine, ihe ntinye ike na-achịkwa, ike nwere ike ịtọ ya na 1 n'okpuru ibu ọ bụla, na oge mmepụta nke ugboro ugboro nwere ike ịchịkwa ya n'onwe ya.Igwe ọkụ AC arụnyere n'ime nke ihe ntụgharị ugboro nwere ike igbochi harmonics nke ọma ma chebe àkwà mmiri rectifier site na mmetụta nke ebili mmiri na-efe efe ozugbo nke voltaji ọkọnọ ike.Omume na-egosi na harmonic ugbu a na-enweghị reactor doro anya dị elu karịa nke na-eji reactor.Iji belata nnyonye anya nke mmetọ nkwekọ na-ebute, a na-etinye ihe nzacha mkpọtụ na sekit mmepụta nke ntụgharị ugboro ugboro.Mgbe ihe ntụgharị ugboro ugboro na-enye ohere, a na-ebelata ugboro ole onye na-ebu ihe ntụgharị ugboro ugboro.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, na ndị na-agbanwe ike ugboro ugboro, a na-ejikarị 12-pulse ma ọ bụ 18-pulse rectification eme ihe, si otú ahụ na-ebelata ọdịnaya kwekọrọ n'ime ike ọkụ site na ikpochapụ ala harmonics.Dị ka ihe atụ, 12 pulses, nke kasị ala harmonics bụ 11th, 13th, 23rd, and 25th harmonics.N'otu aka ahụ, maka 18 otu usu, ole na ole harmonics bụ 17th na 19th harmonics.
Enwere ike ịchịkọta teknụzụ harmonic dị ala nke ejiri na mmalite dị nro dị ka ndị a:
(1) Usoro multiplication nke inverter ike ọkọnọ modul na-ahọrọ 2 ma ọ bụ ihe dị ka 2 usoro-njikọ inverter ike ọkọnọ modul, ma kpochapụ ihe kwekọrọ ekwekọ dị ka mkpọkọ waveform.
(2) The rectifier circuit na-abawanye.Ntụgharị ụda olu dị nro dị nro na-eji 121-pulse, 18-pulse ma ọ bụ 24-pulse rectifiers iji belata mmiri ọkụ.
(3) Ojiji nke modul ike inverter n'usoro n'usoro, site na iji 30 otu-pulse series inverter power modules na ijikwa sekit ike, enwere ike ibelata pulse ugbu a.
(4) Jiri usoro mgbanwe mgbanwe ugboro DC ọhụrụ, dị ka mgbanwe diamond nke ihe vector voltaji na-arụ ọrụ.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta inverter na-etinye aka na nsogbu harmonic dị mkpa, ma jiri teknụzụ hụ na greening nke inverter n'oge imewe, na-edozi nsogbu ahụ n'ụzọ doro anya.
3 Nkwubi okwu
N'ozuzu, anyị nwere ike ịghọta nke ọma ihe kpatara harmonics.N'ihe gbasara ọrụ n'ezie, ndị mmadụ nwere ike ịhọrọ ihe nzacha na-agafe agafe na ihe nzacha na-arụ ọrụ iji belata njirimara nke akaghị aka, bepụ ụzọ ikwu nke nnyefe harmonic, mepụta ma tinye akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ dị nro na-enweghị mmetọ mmetọ, ma gbanwee nro The harmonics eme site na. A na-achịkwa onye mbido n'ime obere oke.
Oge nzipu: Eprel-13-2023